Steam ejector of vacuum brakes



June 12, 1931.. P.' M. E. Lo'rARD STEAM EJECTOR 0F VACUUM BRAKES zsheets-sheet 1 Filed Dec. `18, 1928 Fig @Ilenia/d Falli June 2, 1931. P.M. E. LOTARD 1,808,663

) v STEAM EJECTOR 0F VACUUM BRAKES Filed De. 18, 192e v2 sheets-Sheet 2Pfg'. a.

Patented June 2, 1931 Y PAUL MARIE, EUGENE LOTARD, or' PARIS, FRANCESTEAM EJECTOR on VACUUM BRAKES f Application mea neeember 1s, 192s,serial Nezae'z 'and in Gemalyaenpar'yv, '1928'.

The combined ejectors ofautomatic vacuum brakes should maintain asubstantially constant vacuum in the train pipe and in the brakes of thevehicles. `With this object in E View, the installations comprise inconjunction with the main ejector a small ejectorthe supply of steam towhich is continuous and which is intended to maintain they vacuumproduced by the main ejector, and one or more small auxiliary ejectorswhich operate when the preceding ejector is insuiicientviz. when leakageoccurs in the train pipe. Therarrangement of the small ej ectors is ofgreat im-l portance; a defective combination of the discharge nozzlesmay produce disturbances and cause losses of energy to such an extentthat only a very small increase in vacuum may be obtained at the expenseof an increase in consumption of steam following Vthe setting inoperation of a small auxiliary ejector.

In certain constructions the main ejector and an auxiliary ejector aredisposed symmetrically in relation to the discharge outlet. Thisarrangement is unsatisfactory `having regard to the disproportion in theenergy of the corresponding jets of steam. In other constructions thesmall continuously operating ejector and the small auxiliary ejector aredisposed on the same side of the main ejector. This arrangement does nothowever giveigood results, the want of symmetry between the said smallejectors producing disturbances in the discharge.

The ejector forming the subject ofthe present invention has for its object to avoid these disadvantages. Characteristic of the invention isthat the small continuously operating ejector and the small auxiliaryejector are disposed symmetrically in relation to the main ejector andare inclined at a very small angle to the latter. The steam is thusdischarged without disturbances and the optimum use of the steamobtained having regard to the vacuum to be obtained. i I

As an'example and for purposes of illustration, a preferred embodimentof the invention is shown in the drawings, wherein :v

Figure l is a section of the apparatus through a plane common to theaxes of the conditions.

cones ofthe main ejector, of the small ejector Y showing the operatinghandl UdiasSoCw-@d i parts'.

steam inlet passage@ andalcentral steam jet The4 main vejector comprisesan annular d. The small continuously operating ejector y' 'comprises 4anannular steam inlet` passage -and the small auxiliary` ejector vhasVsimilarly Van annular steam inlet passager; "Tnjaddi-g"V tion each has acentral steam jet whichii's not I sliown in Fig. l, but is shown in Fig;2%' The main ejector a', d `serves 'to i empty thef'train pipe of thevehicle after brakes have ,loeenfap-y plied; the small continuouslyoperatingrl ejector bisintended'to maintain the vacuumfin thetrainp'ipewhile the Asmall auxiliaryfejecftorv c is set in operation if thepreceding ejector is insuliicient e. g.rto compensate Afor leakage inthetrain pipe. The dischargel noz- `zles e and f of the -twoVsmallejectorsare symmetrical in relationtothe axism, y`, of

the main ejector and vform with -the latter very small angle.` `Theyconnect with the annular space betweenthje discharge nozzle g.'ofthemain'fejector andthe outletpassageraUaL. i i

r`The steam jets of the ltwo*smallejectors-are therefore subjected intheir passage only to a Vsmall deviation so that the fact that theyunitey around turbances.

g-does not produce-any dis- 1 The small ejectors b'. and o arefprovidedvwith solid jets; moreover the admissi'on'lof :l steamvto the jets isregulatable by means of valves j. This arrangement .permits ofiobopen ora great saving in steam whenthey are-closed.` The ejector'A 1maythus'work ac` lcording to `rie It is known thatthe air is drawn fromAthe taining a high lvacuum when the I valves are y quirements andunderithe best train pipe through `theanediumbf an' air I i fcollector.The latterisjshownat o ig.' ,3.v

fas.

When the supply of Vsteam t0 the small vejectors is interrupted it isnecessary toA prei vent the vacuum Afrom being maintained in thecollector because in case of leakage from the retaining valves therewould be produced 'which might. becarried into the train pipe and mightdamage the rubber joints notably therolling rings of t-he brakecylinders.

The operation of the ejector forming the subjectl of thepresentinVentionprovides .aufy vtomatic protection. When the handle Z isturned to close the steam inlet valve 7c tothe small ejectors, thechannel s in the rod m, 'fn connects thetwo adjacent conduits g, o"former of'whichhas an Venlargement p in communication with theatmosphere and the second of which is connected with the collector A0..The collector -is thusfilled. with n being retracted interruptscommunication between the conduits q and 1". Rubber rings t disposed 'ingrooves on each side of the passage s prevent any escape of air. yThe,ejectorzdescrbed :has many advantages overfej'ectors of existingconstruction. In

' in the collectoranaccumulation `of water ".air. When the valve 7c islopened the rod m, Y'

hereunto set PAUL MARIE EUGNE LOTARD. .75

view' of the symmetry of the small ejectors,

the powens .of which are of the same order of magnitude', disturbancesare very muchV reduced compared to those produced by assymmetric varrangements. Moreover this symmetryY permits of giving to the smallejectors the optimum y.angle yof inclination. The pres- -enceofvalvescntrolling the -inlet to the cen- ,fx1 tralsteam jets of` thesmallej ectors permits regulation' of the vacuumv additional to that 4already obtained by the operation of the A.

J' interruption'of this connection are obtained a verysi'mple Ineanswhich ,do not involve the interposition of lcams L:and levers.

gmainvalve, Finally theconnection of .thegy air collector with the.atmosphere land `the v 4 Having now particularlydescribed and as- Icertained the nature of my `saidcinvention andggin what manner the sameis to be per,- .formed,ldeclare that whatvI claim is ilo , Afcombinedejector for automatic vacllllm,-brakes comprising a mainiejector, acontinuously operating small ejector and a small :auxiliary ejectorwherein the vsmall Vejectors are symmetrically disposed with relation tothe main ciector and formwth the *i latter a very small angle.k

. 2. Anejector as claimed in claim 1 wherein eachzof the snm-11 eiectorshas .a central nozzle provided with la regulating steaminlet valve ifindependent of the maininlet valvecontimlously operatnggsmall ejector, e.small 1111111 brakes, Comprising a .main sientan-a ,auxiliary-einmal',both-.small :ei-vectors being Ydisposed symmetrically relatively to thelmain p ejector ,and at a small anglethereto, a new .tratv `nozzle:provided l 0n each of the small @in electors, a .steam.regulatnginletvalve in

